What Does a Website Cost?

What Does a Website Cost?

Years ago, I even took the time to create a whole write up on the topic over on my main site entitled “What Does a Website Cost?” and to this day – even after years of being up (and years of edits) it’s still one of the most popular pages and definitely the most commented.

This is a question that we field all day, every day.
As either a potential designer, developer, freelancer, or the owner of a website design business it’s important that you know how to answer this question and understand what your competitor is charging as well as how you can create value.
And, on the flip-side, if you’re a business owner looking for information on the cost of developing your own site (either using a service, or hiring a developer) you need to understand the many levels of answers that can come from such a broad question.
In both cases – it’s important to remember that although a website is a “digitized” item, a website is still a product, but it’s also a service.
Except there are two problems – they’re nothing like conventional products, and “service” is a four letter word in this industry.
There’s a whole relationship (between you and your client, or you and the company you hire to do your website) that crops up through the process of web development, and this relationship, as well as the ongoing support that continues AFTER the site has launched is what separates this “product” from others.
If I had to make a comparison, I’d say pricing (and building) a website is a lot like pricing (and building) a new home. 
Whether you buy a home from a new development, or have one custom built. The process is very much like (and sometimes as complicated and as costly) as building a home.

Website Pricing

pricing (and building) a website is a lot like pricing (and building) a new home. 

The reason it’s so hard to simply give one a price for a website is there are so many damn factors involved – even outside of the technology (which matters A LOT!).
Here’s a short list:

1. Client Server/Hosting Requirements – Who is hosting? Email? Who is setting that up? What if something happens to email? What kind of server will it be hosted on? Does the client have access? Do YOU have access? Hosting problems alone take 2 – 10 hours initially to address on EVERY project – and problem account for about 10 – 20 hours of support during any given year for a client.
2. Scope – What does the client want? What does the client NEED? Two very different things.
3. Who is the Client – I’m going to quick address business owners here – who are you? Are you picky? Are you easy to deal with? A good web development company will do one of two things – either read you well, or structure their contract for it not to matter (ie hourly). However, in either case the easier you make it to work with you, the less expensive a site will tend to be.
4. Client’s Technical Knowledge – More highly technical clients don’t have to learn how to maximize their web browsers or, and this one still gets me!, understand why there are “bars” on the side of their website (the background of a site in a fixed width design is called “bars” here). The more hand holding a client needs (or the less IT staff they have) the more time it will take to complete the project and have them satisfied.

These are just a few items that impact the overall cost, and they don’t even begin to touch upon budget, or design/back forth.
But, as they hinted at – websites, be it coding, or communicating, take time.
Time is precious; time is valuable. As a freelancer you must value your time. As a business owner you have to understand the time it takes you to “figure out how to build” a website, takes away from other items that lead to making money and a living.
“Do you want to specialize in HTML, CSS, Javascript, etc. or do you want to be running, growing, and profiting at your business?”
(That was a good line dev in case anyone ever asks you why you cost so damn much!)

Which btw – I have a quick side story. A friend of mine, a highly technical friend mind you, studied and literally took 6 weeks straight to build his companies website (he was managing the company at the time and has since graduated to president). At the time he was paid Rs. 3000/hour. Much less than your average web developer. However, factor in ALL of his time and he spent nearly $6000 of his company’s time. All for a static site that wasn’t even search engine optimized and frankly looked pretty bad! (Okay… I did help out a bit).
Point is, it almost never pays to have some “figure out” how to build a website within a company. It doesn’t make time, or financial sense. – Now learning how to edit/update a CMS on the other hand – does – and we’ll get back to this in a moment.

And then there’s everything that comes AFTER a website is launched (and the things you or your team should be looking at during development…) THE MARKETING!

You also need to evaluate the best ways to market your clients’ website, once you’ve launched. If you design a website that doesn’t get found, then your client will not appreciate the fact that you charged him or her ANYTHING to build their site. Knowing how to market for your client takes experience.

Real World Website Pricing Breakdown

First, there are services (and for the majority of this article I’ll ignore these). There are a ton of services out there that can get you up and running quickly, easily, and in some cases freely. I’m a huge fan of “WordPress.com” for anyone looking to simply build a blog and get their voice on the web. Although Tumblr does have such nice templates, many of them you have to pay for, and I find the traffic from WordPress.com much better. In future posts we may highlight many of the free and inexpensive web services available.
Okay, here we are.

Basic Website – Rs. 2000 – Rs. 5000

After spending a significant amount of time (over a decade in this industry), we’ve determined that the market average for a baseline website is Rs.2000 – Rs. 5,000. I’ve seen much, much higher. And, I don’t recommend going with anyone who charges less because the quality of the work will negatively (and directly) correlate to the price decrease.
With a basic website, you’ll have a simple online brochure made out of a boilerplate template (or format) where your customers and clients can review your products and services. The basic website may be your best salesperson, working 24 hours a day by just showing up. It’s your marketing tool to get your message out to the world. It provides a digital launch pad, where you can showcase your products or services. Most web developers will install Google Analytics too.

Custom Website – Rs.6000-Rs.15000

If you can think it, it can be designed in this price range. They may not be as fully functional, but they will be beautiful. At this spending level, you will find a website that is custom-tailored to meet your specific market needs.
At this price point, you can expect the beginning of the “wow-factor” from your web design team. You will not typically find features of audience interactivity, ecommerce, or content management.
Going back to the Basic Website, the website pricing is calculated at the same rate. These websites take much more time to build since they will include custom CSS and XHTML coding so that the website will show up the same on virtually every interface. Again these websites will be optimized for Google, Yahoo, and Bing so that they will rank better in organic keyword searches.

Content Management System (CMS) – Rs.10,000- Rs 60,000

A website designed and built with full CMS integration will typically run from Rs.10,000 to Rs. 60,000 with an average of Rs.20,000, depending on your specific needs and the extent of the customization requested. These websites will be designed with both functionality and appearance in mind. Custom art design and mid-level functionality will be included. You will be able to manage and update all of your content through the installed CMS interface. You can have an infinite number of pages (depending on the amount you want to spend for the time it takes to create them). With CMS you can manipulate, upload and change the pictures, content, and blog all day long. (You’ll soon discover, if you don’t already know, that updating your website can quickly become consuming).  
This is our most popular product package at  M/s Trivia Softwares
By enabling a CMS interface, these websites are designed to be user-friendly (as user-friendly as possible for a non-tech inspired individual). You won’t be billed for the time that it takes to make the minor changes and small adjustments that may become costly.
These sites will be laced with the ability to get “social”. You will be able to build a reputation through your BLOG. Depending upon the specifics of the agreement, you should be able to expect some keyword research to help you get started.
Aside from Flash Art creation, these sites will remain in the ballpark I’ve outlined above. And, as always, you can expect SEO and Analytics Tracking for these types of web properties.

The Grand Slam Package– Rs.65,000- Rs. 1,00,000+

Highly complex websites can be very expensive to create. Social Networking, Advanced Blogging, and Web Application Development will raise the price tag. There are a limited number of companies that can perform well in this arena, and most of them will charge you a consulting fee (the initial consultation with M/s Trivia Softwares is free).
These websites aren’t some of the really good sites we’ve visited.  Falling in this price range are sites like Facebook.com, Orkut.com, and BestBuy.com. These sites will have been coded from scratch, along with the applicable application programming. Websites in this price range require an extreme investment in time to research, develop and implement the software necessary to integrate the entire website in one seamless design.
It’s more expensive to build a website when you consider the actual cost in terms of hours. There is a distinct difference between amateur websites and the work of a professional development team. While it may cost more money to build the website in the first place, by hiring a professional you will realize a return on your investment (assuming that whatever you’re selling isn’t garbage).

How to use mobile marketing to improve your sales

How to use mobile marketing to improve your sales

8 reasons to invest in mobile marketing

Mobile marketing is fast becoming a mainstream activity for those companies that get it. But for every company that does, there are many more that still don’t. Whether it’s because they think it’s a passing fad, or because they don’t quite know where to start, these companies are missing out on a commercial revolution. Here then, are eight reasons why you can’t afford to ignore mobile marketing…learn more from companies already reaping the benefits of mobile presented at the upcoming Mobile marketing Live on the 1st and 2nd October at London.

Reason 1: Consumers are already there

Marks & Spencer mobile site

When Marks & Spencer became the first UK retailer to launch a mobile-optimised, transactional website on 12 May 2010, its rationale came from an analysis of traffic to its website. Five per cent of it was coming from mobile devices, and that was enough to convince M&S it needed to cater for these users. Less than five months later, the site had attracted 1.2m unique visitors, and taken more than 13,000 orders, with the largest single order for £3,280, for two sofas.

Recently, Debenhams revealed that 20 per cent of its traffic was coming from mobile devices. If you want a more subjective analysis of the situation, take a look around you the next time you get on a bus or a train; people are ‘grazing’ on their mobile phones, sometimes researching, sometimes shopping. If you’re not at the party, you won’t get a date…

Reason 2: The High Street is suffering

In case you hadn’t noticed, it’s a mess on the High Street right now. The Local Data Company’s (LDC) mid-year shop vacancy report for 2012, derived from 506 town centres and 145,000 shops that it visited between January and June 2012, revealed an average vacancy rate in Great Britain of 14.6 per cent. According to the report, almost 15,000 shops closed in town centres in the nine years between 2000 and 2009, but a further 10,000 closed in 2010 and 2011.

At the same time, the report reveals that online sales are being accelerated by mobile technology, and are expected to reach 13.2 per cent by the end of 2012. Savvy retailers are turning to mobile, not only to enable customers to buy from them while they’re waiting for their bus to arrive, but also, to drive them into their stores, with location-based mobile advertising and coupon campaigns

Coupons have a big part to play in mobile’s future.

Reason 3: A full-fat website looks awful on a mobile phone

The point about a mobile-optimised site is that it’s, er, optimised for mobile. Take a site that isn’t (try apple.com as an example) and compare it to one that is (newlook.com) and the difference is plain to see. Say a woman has two favourite shops she goes to for her clothes and one has a mobile-optimised site and the other doesn’t – she is much more likely to buy from her phone from the first than the second.

Here is an example of a non mobile optimised site.

The simplicity offered from a mobile-optimised site is clear:

Add to this the sheer number of people shopping on their mobile phone and it becomes something of a no-brainer. According to the IAB’s ‘Mobile in the Retail Store’ study from January 2012, 92 per cent of UK shoppers use the web to research purchases while on the move. Of these, half went in store to buy the product, while 28 per cent bought it on their mobile phone.

Reason 4: Second screening is a fact of life

Statistics from mobile ad network Adfonic, based on an analysis of its hourly click patterns, reveals that traffic starts to build from around 6pm and continues to rise throughout the evening.

Forward-thinking brands are capitalising on this trend. It started with simply adding mobile calls to action to TV ads, such as inviting viewers to text in to a shortcode for more information, but it is now being taken further.

The music discovery service, Shazam, enables mobile users to identify a song they hear being played by launching the Shazam app and letting it sample 30 seconds of the song. Now, Shazam has launched its Shazam for TV service, which enables TV advertisers to make their ads ‘Shazamable’. When the ad appears, complete with the Shazam logo, Shazam users can tag the ad with their phone to engage with the advertiser.

Shazam for TV made its UK debut on 12 May 2012.  Pepsi MAX and Cadbury’s were the first two brands to deploy the technology. Viewers could Shazam the Pepsi Max ad to enter a sweepstake to win tickets to summer festivals and other Pepsi MAX merchandise. Viewers could also tag the Cadbury’s Unwrap Gold ad for a chance to win a London 2012 Opening Ceremony ticket package.

Reason 5: Your competitors are already doing it

If you haven’t yet started working on your mobile strategy, take a look at your competition and see where they are at. Chances are you are behind the game. To get some idea of how advanced your competition’s mobile strategy is, type their web address into a mobile browser and see whether you are taken to a mobile-optimised site. Type their name into the iTunes and Google Play app stores and see what comes back.

Of course, Amazon and eBay have been deploying mobile apps and sites for years now and generate a significant amount of their business via M-commerce, so it’s worth keeping a close look at their latest approaches.

Research released in August 2012 revealed that 37 per cent of the top 100 UK advertisers had a mobile-optimised site. This is a sign that there is still a long way to go, but also, that companies, including your competitors, are beginning to get their act together.

Reason 6: That mobile in your hand is not a mobile – and it knows where you are

It’s a mini computer, with as much processing power as a PC of only a few years ago, and, arguably, more intelligence than the best-spec PC in the store. Because one of the key points of difference between a PC and a mobile phone is that the mobile knows where you are.

Not only that, it also knows whether you are facing North, South, or anywhere else in between. This is already being tapped into by advertisers, targeting consumers via ads in mobile apps or on mobile sites when they are within a certain distance to one of their stores, or even one of their competitors’.

It’s being used in other ways too, such as the FindaProperty app that uses Augmented Reality to enable users to see details of properties for sale around them simply by holding their phone in front of them, point towards the area they are interested in.

Reason 7: It’s the web all over again

And there’s no going back. When the internet first appeared on the scene, traditional retailers were slow to get it. Which is why pureplay online retailers like Amazon and eBay were able to build up such a position of strength. Eventually, retailers realised that the web was not going to go away, and as initial concerns about the safety and security of online shopping (remember them?) evaporated, they realised too that it was an important new shopping channel for consumers.

Given that last year, more mobile phones were shipped than PCs – 488m compared to 415m according to Canalys – and that, according to Microsoft, mobile browsing should overtake PC browsing some time in 2014, there can surely be no logical argument to suggest that mobile is a passing fad that you can afford to ignore. It is only going to become more strategically important to your business, and for the kids just getting their first phone, the mobile life will just be normal life.

Reason 8: The numbers say it all

There is currently a massive imbalance in the ratio of consumer time spent on mobile versus ad spend in the channel, compared to other media. According to figures from VSS, Mary Meeker, comScore, Alexa and Flurry Analytics, in 2011 in the US, TV commanded 43 per cent of consumer time and took 40 per cent of ad spend, while mobile commanded 23 per cent and took just 1 per cent of ad spend.

Ad spend always follows eyeballs sooner or later, but when the disparity is as large as it is here, it seems inevitable that brands are going to pile in to the mobile space. And indeed, mobile ad spend is growing. According to the annual study carried out by the IAB and PwC, mobile ad spend in the UK in 2011 was £203.2m. up from £83m in 2010, and just £28.6m in 2008.

 In Summary:

• Mobile is becoming a primary content channel – Consumers are turning to mobile to buy, to research purchases, and to augment their TV viewing
• Always on - A transactional mobile app or site enables your customers to buy from you whenever and (almost) wherever they are
• Spend on mobile is increasing – if you have not started working on your mobile marketing strategy, chances are your competitors have.
• Is it a phone? – Not really, the modern smartphone is a powerful, location-aware computer that could not be better suited to commerce.
• It’s here to stay – web browsing is moving from the PC to the smartphone and from the moment they get their first mobile phone, the mobile lifestyle – including mCommerce – will be second nature to tomorrow’s adults.

MC Mary Kom's win will boost North-East visibility in India

NAGPUR: As India's MC Mary Kom stood on the podium with her bronze medal, the nation cheered for her. The medal belonged to an Indian, and hence the whole country was proud.

Luckily for her, like her many brethren from the seven sister states of North-East India, she didn't have to prove her 'Indianness' at this instance. Speaking to the people from north-east after Kom's triumph revealed a hurt buried deep inside their hearts at being constantly subjected to tests of nationality and a hope of recognition of their Indian identity.

"I am proud and happy. This win by Kom will help give recognition to the north-eastern states," said Joe Alfred H Buhril, a student of VNIT. He said when he came to Nagpur people asked him questions like 'Are you an Indian?' "They didn't even know the existence or location of Manipur," he added.

The feeling of alienation among the people of north-east can be felt in their words. "It's an honour for the people of north-east and a moment of pride as we don't get many opportunities. Socio-economic benefits from the central government are also restricted. So her coming up to the international level to bag an Olympic medal is a great thing. She has struggled a lot to reach this position," said Among Jamir of National Churches Council of India. He hoped that this win will give recognition to the north-eastern people and make others realize that they are part of India and leads to more unity.

Virag Pachpore, vice-president, Friends of North-East India said, "There is a communication gap, a little alienation due to various factors. Students from these states are sometimes asked for passports. This affects them."

But this win, he said, will probably have a positive impact as the whole country came together to congratulate Kom. "This is very good, and especially the fact that the medal is coming due to the efforts of a lady from the north-east, many states of which are unknown to many people in the rest of India," Pachpore said.

But all were not this positive. "I am very proud. But I am afraid that this excitement will just be temporary and that Kom, like the other forgotten legends of the region, will just live in history books. This won't translate into the attention that the region needs for development," said Bimalendu Sil, a government employee.

"I hope that this win will put the north-east on the map of common Indians and that they recognize our potential. It is sad that sometimes it feels like an outcaste in our own country where people constantly doubt our nationality," said Vepu Pfuno, an MSc student.

It is a sorry state when a section of the population has to constantly give evidences of their nationality to their fellow citizens. This win by Mary Kom is something which is being looked up to solve this problem of identity and anonymity of the north-east citizens of India. But will it?

"We are never called Indians, though politically, geographically we are. We are not fully accepted and are neglected. We don't get enough chances and this medal gives us recognition. We feel hurt, we also cheer with the whole country when Sachin makes a century or Saina Nehwal won the medal because we are as Indians as anybody else. But if even prominent people of the society are not aware from where someone like Kom hails, imagine the situation of us commoners," said John Rameson Monsang, a MSW student.

Mary Kom wins first Boxing Bronze for India

Manipur's Mary Kom won first bronze for women boxing for India at London Olympics 2012 on 8th August 2012. She became the 1st women from North East India to win a bronze at an Olympic event. 

Vijay Kumar wins Silver in London Olympics 2012

Vijay Kumar has won Silver in 25m Rapid fire Pistol shooting event at London Olympics 2012.

India should play more with China

Recent Olympic performance by Chinese athletics and players do need to be looked at with amazement. The process by which China selects and sends its players for Olympics should be studied by India and replicated. There are certain points which are to be noted
1] China never repeats its players who have appeared for last olympics, thus no other competitor knows their weakness
2] China punishes the failures with national shame and their name wiped off.

India has never played with China in any other games or on one to one compititions. We propose that we should organize a special Chin-India championships for athletics and other sports  where we can observe and try to match chinese in their own games.
  

India beats US, Japan in basic PC security: Report

India beats US, Japan in basic PC security: Report


NEW DELHI: India may have low penetration of computers, but it is ahead of countries like US, Japan and Singapore when it comes to basic PC protection, says a report by security software maker McAfee.

It conducted a global study across 24 nations, analysing data from voluntary scans of an average of 27-28 million PCs per month to determine a global estimate of the number of consumers who have basic security software installed.

Finland had the highest number of 90.3 per cent PCs with a basic security software solution in place, followed by Italy (86.2 per cent) and Germany (85.55 per cent).

Basic security protection is defined as working anti- virus, anti-spyware and firewall technologies.

India ranked 14th on the list with 82.67 per cent, while China ranked 17th (82 per cent), followed by Japan and US at the 19th spot (80.65 per cent) and Singapore at 22nd position (78.25 per cent). The global average stood at 83 per cent.

According to estimates, India had a total installed base of over 60 million PCs at the end of 2011.

"Its gratifying to see that the majority of consumers have gotten the message that at the very least they need to have basic security protection installed," McAfee Co-President Todd Gebhart said.

"Protecting digital devices against cybercrime from malware not only benefits each of us personally, but also serves to discourage illicit activity and preserve the integrity of the Internet," he added.

Cases of cyberattacks against banks, technology firms, e-stores and government agencies are on the rise and have cost millions of dollars worth of losses, McAfee said.

However, 17 per cent of the PCs scanned either had no anti-virus installed or the software was installed, but disabled.

Spain (16.3 per cent) topped the list of countries where the PCs scanned did not have a security solution in place, followed by Japan (13.2 per cent) and China (12.9 per cent).

About 10.9 per cent of the PCs scanned in India did not have a security solution, placing India at the 8th spot.

The study suggests often people do not understand that once the trial subscription expires (which came pre-installed with the PC), they are no longer protected.

Some consumers may disable their security protection on purpose, for example to play online games, while some PC users believe they do not need protection if they simply adhere to safe surfing best practices, it added.

"Security software is consumers' first and, in many cases, only defence against cybercrime," the study said.

China 'warns' India with border drill

NEW DELHI\BEIJING: China is back to flexing its muscles close to the Indian border. The People's Liberation Army has conducted a major "live fire" exercise, testing its multi-role J-10 fighters armed with laser-guided and other bombs, in the high-altitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Chinese official media on Thursday described the exercise as "the first operation of its kind" on the 3,500-metre high plateau, which saw the fighter jets being fuelled and loaded with bombs for ground attack missions during sub-zero temperatures.

The rare publicity given to the exercise comes at a time when China is getting ready for a change of guard, including the election of a new president and secretary general of the Communist Party.

It's also meant as a strong signal to India, which has belatedly taken to strategically counter China's massive build-up of military infrastructure all along the 4,057-km Line of Actual Control over the last two decades.

This is, of course, not the first time PLA has undertaken combat exercises in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), having tested its Sukhoi-27UBK and Sukhoi-30MKK fighters as well as rapid reaction forces and airborne corps there over the last two-three years.

But China-watchers in the Indian defence establishment say the latest exercise, with fighters conducting both day and night sorties, seems to be "several rungs higher" than the ones conducted in the past. It comes barely five months after another major PLA exercise, involving air force, tanks and artillery, was held in the region.

"China usually deploys fighters in TAR only during summers from March onwards because of the thin air and tough operating conditions there. But last year for the first time, PLA kept the J-10 jets deployed at Gongar (Lhasa) throughout the winter," said a senior officer.

China, apart from nuclear missile bases in Qinghai province that unmistakably target India, has built five fully operational airbases at Gongar, Pangta, Linchi, Hoping and Gar Gunsa, an extensive rail network and over 58,000-km of roads in TAR.

This makes it possible for PLA to move around 30 divisions (each with over 15,000 soldiers) to the LAC within 30 days to outnumber Indian forces by at least three-is-to-one. The Chengdu military region and the PLA airbases in TAR are mainly tasked for an anti-India role, as earlier reported by TOI.

India, in turn, has based its most potent fighters Sukhoi-30MKIs, which can go deep into China, at Tezpur and Chabua in Assam, apart from planning to deploy six C-130J "Super Hercules" strategic airlift aircraft in the eastern sector.

"We have a slight advantage over China in the sense that its TAR airbases are located at an average height of 10,000 to 12,000-feet. This restricts the weapon loads their Sukhois and J-10s can carry. PLA Air Force, of course, is almost triple our size" said an IAF officer.

India is also now upgrading eastern sector ALGs (advanced landing grounds) like Pasighat, Mechuka, Walong, Tuting, Ziro and Vijaynagar as well as several helipads in Arunachal Pradesh. This comes after the reactivation of western sector ALGs like Daulat Beg Oldi, Fukche and Nyama in eastern Ladakh.

Moreover, Army is now planning a mountain strike corps (70,000 soldiers) after raising two new mountain infantry divisions, with 1,260 officers and 35,011 soldiers, in Assam and Nagaland. There are also plans to base Akash and BrahMos missile regiments in the North-East for conventional deterrence against China.

Himachal CM flays China for violation of Indian air space

Himachal Chief Minister PK Dhumal today accused the UPA government for not taking a serious notice of Chinese interference along the Tibet border and cautioned that ignoring these "warning signals" could land the country into serious trouble.

"China is sometime violating the air space, objecting to road constructions in Leh, building ultramodern air fields in Tibet and extending the railway line upto Tibet border" but the Indian government was conveniently ignoring these warnings, the BJP chief minister said.

He was replying to a calling attention motion in the state assembly on "violation of Indian air space by two Chinese helicopters along Himachal border".

"We could not perceive the Chinese threat in 1962 as we were enamoured by 'Hindi- Chini, Bhai Bhai' and now again, China is strengthening its borders and we must take it seriously," he said.

Attacking China for violation of Indian air space over Himachal border, Dhumal said that the government has allocated a piece of land to the Indian Air Force (IAF) for installation of a radar to monitor the air space.

"The IAF approached the government and a land has been provided to it," he said.

The calling attention was moved by BJP member Ram Lal Markandey, who cited news reports regarding intrusion of two Chinese helicopters into Indian Air space.

The helicopters were spotted by the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) on March 16 over Kaurik, close to the international border, about 330km from state capital Shimla in tribal Spiti Valley.

China has been complaining and objecting to anything being done by India on the border and even opposed visit of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to Arunachal Pradesh and movement of exiled Tibetan spiritual leader the Dalai Lama even within India, Dhumal said.

"There have been reports about China strengthening the infrastructure being created by China on its side of the border and even China has installed missiles that could target any Indian city in Tibet.

"I have apprised the government of India in this regard a number of times and requested them to strengthen the infrastructure along the Indian border and take necessary measures to safeguard the state," Dhumal said.

He said even Chinese aircraft, after intruding into Indian air space from Himachal from one side, cross Indian border within 15-20 minutes and land in Pakistan and described it as a serious issue and needs attention of Union government.

How to refill Airtel Mobile's Prepaid Refill?

People ask me how to refill airtel's Pre Paid Mobile refill, So here it is:

Type *101*#

This will do it